Access roads are constructed to provide access for construction equipment to construction sites, as well as to serve as bypass roads when the main road is closed to traffic for repair and construction work.

Access roads to construction sites can be unpaved or constructed of lightweight road structures using sand, crushed stone, asphalt, cement concrete, and paving slabs.

When constructing an access road profile, the terrain along which the road will pass is taken into account. Drainage and water runoff are ensured on both sides or to one side of the road. Such measures are necessary because the road surface must last for a specified period, typically until the completion of construction work on the site.

Features of road and highway construction

• These works are among the most expensive and labor-intensive. They require the use of high-quality building materials (concrete, asphalt, gravel), as well as specialized equipment.

• The quality of the work depends on the accuracy of the terrain and relief.

• Before construction, a comprehensive set of geodetic, cartographic, and climatic studies is conducted.

• It is recommended that road construction be carried out during the warm season. This will reduce the time required for road construction, and the results will be higher quality and more reliable.

The main stages of road construction are:

• Site surveys and preliminary calculations.

• Preparation of design documentation and its approval.

• Laying sand on the site, leveling, compacting, and moistening it.

• Laying a sand-gravel mixture and compacting it.

• Applying two layers of asphalt concrete pavement.

• Installing road structures, curbs, and reclaiming adjacent land.

Driveway construction is a very common service among summer residents and private homeowners. Everyone wants a smooth, reliable driveway right up to their front door. This is especially true for owners of homes located far from main municipal roads—at best, the existing driveway will be made of crushed stone.

The process of constructing a driveway to a house is very simple: the area is leveled, the base is laid, and the asphalt is laid. No particularly complex techniques are required. This ensures not only rapid construction but also low cost.